Detailed Notes for Haryana Geography
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Geography of Haryana plays a crucial role in not only Haryana PSC Prelims Exam but even HPSC Mains Exam. Haryana Geography Notes are designed by HPSC Toppers and other civil servants. Detail Notes can be browsed at the following links.
Faqs on Geography of Haryana
Where is Haryana located in India?
Haryana is a landlocked state in North India, bordering Punjab and Himachal Pradesh to the north, Rajasthan to the west and south, and Uttar Pradesh and Delhi to the east.
What are the main geographical features of Haryana?
Haryana has four main geographical features:
- Yamuna-Ghaggar Plain: This fertile alluvial plain covers most of the state and is formed by the Yamuna and Ghaggar rivers.
- Shivalik Hills: These low-lying hills in the northeast are foothills of the Himalayas.
- Semi-desert dry sandy plain: This region lies in the southwest and is characterized by sand dunes and saline depressions.
- Aravalli Range: The northernmost tip of the Aravalli Range extends into the southern part of Haryana.
What is the climate of Haryana?
Haryana experiences a continental climate with hot summers (April-June) and cold winters (December-February). The monsoon season (July-September) brings moderate rainfall.
What are the major rivers in Haryana?
The major rivers in Haryana are the Yamuna, Ghaggar, Markanda, and Sahibi. The Yamuna is the only perennial river, while the Ghaggar is seasonal.
What are the main crops grown in Haryana?
Haryana is a major producer of wheat, rice, sugarcane, cotton, and oilseeds. The state is also known for its horticultural crops like fruits and vegetables.
What are the major cities in Haryana?
The major cities in Haryana include Faridabad, Gurgaon (Gurugram), Panipat, Ambala, Hisar, Rohtak, and Karnal. Chandigarh, although a Union Territory, serves as the capital of both Haryana and Punjab.
What are some important geographical facts about Haryana?
- Haryana is a landlocked state in North India.
- It is bordered by Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, and Rajasthan.
- The state has an area of 44,212 square kilometers (17,070 sq mi).
- Haryana is divided into 22 districts.
How does the geography of Haryana impact its economy?
The fertile alluvial plains of Haryana make it suitable for agriculture, which is a major contributor to the state’s economy. The proximity to Delhi has led to rapid urbanization and industrial development, especially in Gurgaon, which is a major IT and business hub.
What are the environmental concerns in Haryana?
Haryana faces environmental challenges like depleting groundwater levels, water pollution, air pollution due to industrial and vehicular emissions, and soil degradation due to excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides.