Horticulture of Haryana

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Horticulture of Haryana

Definition of Horticulture:

  • Horticulture may be broadly defined as the Science and art of growing fruits, vegetables and flowers and crops like spices condiments and other plantation crops.
  • It is a science of cultivation of Garden plants.
  • The word Horticulture in derived from the Latin word Hortus meaning enclosure (garden) and culture – meaning, cultivation,. Thus Horticulture mans culture or cultivation of garden crops.

Branches of Horticulture:

Horticultural Science is the most distinct branch of Agricultural Sciences and call be divided into four different branches as follow.

Main Branches:

  1. Pamology– It deals with cultivation of fruit crops.
  2. Olericulture- It deals with cultivation of vegetable crops
  3. Floriculture- It deals with cultivation of ornamental flowers and land scaping.
  4. Fruit and
    vegetable preservation- It deals with the principles of fruit and vegetable preservation

 Sub Branches:

  1. Plantation and Medicinal plants.
  2. Ornamental Gardening
  3. Landscape gardening and
  4. Nursery plant production

 

Haryana Government effort for Horticulture

  • Horticulture Department deals with the production and maintenance of fruits, vegetables, and flowers, spices mushroom , medicinal and aromatic plants.
  • The cultivation of horticulture crops is highly specialized, technical and remunerative venture as compared to traditional crops being grown by the farmers. Apart from this,majority of Horticulture crops, being perishable in nature, requires systematic planning for their development.
  • Horticulture development has assumed greater importance in recent years since this sector has been identified as remunerative for diversification of land use which provides increased employment opportunities, better return per unit area besides filling the nutritional gaps.
  • Farmers in Haryana have also started taking up horticulture crops as a separate viable economic activity. With a view to give a boost to the growth of horticulture in the state, Haryana Govern-ment created a separate Department of Horticulture in 1990-91, which was previously a part of Agriculture Department, Haryana.
  • The Directorate of the Department is located in Udyan Bhawan,Sector-21,Panchkula and has 21 district offices and 25 Government Garden & Nurseries across the State. These offices provide all the extension services in the field of horticulture. Further, the quality planting material is available in these nurseries.

Vision and Objectives:-

Keeping in view the emerging challenges in the field of horticulture and to provide nutritional security to the masses the department with a vision “to make Haryana Modern Fruit and Vegetable Cultivation State with a vision to lead  in domestic and export market” has earmarked the following objectives:

  1. Diversification from agriculture to horticulture.
  2. Doubling of horticulture production in 11th.

Five Year Plan

  • Optimal use of basic natural resources.
  • Establishment of convergence and synergy among stakeholders.
  • Improvement in productivity, yield and quality of horticulture produce.
  • Increase in economic status and thereby increase in income per unit.
  • Dissemination of latest technology at farmers field.
  • Nutritional security to people
  • Creation of export potential and earning foreign exchange

Haryana Strengths, Opportunities and Initiatives

Strengths

  1. Favorable climate for production of quality fruits and vegetables.
  2. Exclusive good soils for fruits and vegetables with a high production potential.
  3. Proximity to major markets like Delhi and tri-city of Chandigarh.

Opportunities:

  1. Proximity to NCR offers excellent marketing channels.
  2. Scope for establishment of Processing Industries in fruits (mango, citrus, aonla, strawberry) and
  3. vegetables (pea, tomato, potato, carrots, garlic, onion)
  4. Export of Mango, Citrus-kinnow and Vegetables to Far East.
  5. Amendment of APMC act, opportunities for contract farming.
  6. Favorable industry climate

Initiatives:

  • Increase in outlay of more than 200 times in the last five years. In the year 2004-05, the outlay for Horticulture was Rs. 80.00 lakhs which increased to Rs. 16573.00 lakhs in 2009-10.
  • Launching of new schemes of National Horticulture Mission, Micro-Irrigation and National Mission on Medicinal Plants. Major activities initiated under National Horticulture Mission are the area expansion under fruits, flowers, spices, creation of water resources – community tanks and post harvest management and marketing infrastructure.
  • Development of best integration model in India by integrating the components of community tank, orchard plantation and micro-irrigation & emulated by other States.
  • Concerted efforts on water saving techniques and increased subsidy assistance in Micro Irrigation (drip and sprinkler) scheme from 50% to 90%. So far an area of 8231 Ha has already been covered up to 2008-09.
  • Tremendous impetus to the post harvest management and marketing of fruits and vegetables and got sanctioned projects to the tune of Rs.67.00 crore and of Rs.170.00 crores in 2006-07 and 2009-10. The facilities created are collection centres, pack houses, grading units and whole sale market.
  • At Horticulture Training Institute, Karnal three new courses were started as one year diploma, six month and three month courses in the field of Horticulture.
  • With the agreement of Govt. of Haryana and Govt. of Israel two projects in the name of Centre of Excellence for fruits and Centre of Excellence for vegetables were started at Sirsa and Karnal respectively. In these centres all the new technologies with Israeli expertise will be demonstrated.
  • Entering into the field of Biotechnology especially production of micro tubers in potato and introduction of new varieties through tissue culture techniques.

National Horticulture Mission (N H M) of India

  • Recognizing the importance of horticulture sector in the growth of Indian agriculture, Honorable Finance Minister announced launching of National Horticulture Mission in his budget speech on July 8, 2004.
  • The horticulture sector includes fruit, vegetables, spices, medicinal and aromatic plants, flowers, mushroom and a variety of plantation crops like coconut, areca nut, cashew nut and cocoa which has been contributing significantly to the GDP in agriculture (28.5 per cent form 8.5 per cent area).
  • National Horticulture Mission is a centrally sponsored scheme in which Government of India provide 100% assistance to the state mission during the year 2005-06 (During XI plan, the assistance form Government of India will be 85% with 15% contribution by the State Government.

Objectives:

To develop horticulture to the maximum potential available in the State and to augment production of all horticultural production of all horticultural products (Fruits, Vegetable, flowers, Plantation crops, Spices, Medicinal Aromatic plants) in the state

  1. To provide holistic growth of the horticulture sector through an area based regionally differentiated strategies
  2. To enhance horticulture production, improve nutritional security and income support to farm households;
  3. To establish convergence and synergy among multiple on-going and planned programmes for horticulture development;
  4. To promote, develop and disseminate technologies, through a seamless blend of traditional wisdom and modern scientific knowledge.
  5. To create opportunities for employment generation for skilled and unskilled persons, especially unemployed youth;

In pursuance of the above goals, the National Horticulture Mission will focus in the areas of horticultural research, development, post harvest management,, processing and marketing.

NHM and Haryana

Modus Operandi:

  • Under National Horticulture Mission , the scheme is being implemented through an autonomous body as Haryana State Horticulture Development Agency as a Society under Society Registration Act 1860 in which Financial Commissioner & Principal Secretary to Government Haryana, Agriculture Department is a Chairman and Director General Horticulture is the Mission Director.
  • The Scheme is being implemented by the delegation of Powers entrusted to Chairman, Mission Director and District Horticulture Officers. Since National Horticulture Mission is a Mission approach and involves release of subsidies under various component.
  • Therefore for successful implementation of this Scheme, Director General Horticulture may be entrusted the renewed Delegation of Powers as per NHM.

Scheme Components:

  • Under this Scheme the same components are kept as prescribed under NHM as development of nursery, potato seed development and demonstration both at Govt. and farmers field, area expansion programme of fruits, vegetables, flowers, spices, rejuvenation of old orchards, community water tank/water pond, plant protection including IPM and INM, Bee Keeping, HRD including training and Post-Harvest Management practices.
  • Apart from this latest technologies which are available in the market shall be demonstrated in the fields of farmers and also at Govt. farms.
  • All these components are to be taken together to give holistic approach to the Horticulture Sector and subsidies are to be provided under individual component as per the norms of NHM approved by GOI for the year 2014-15.

Pattern of Assistance:

  • This scheme will be implemented on the pattern of National Horticulture Mission and guidelines and norms as per National Horticulture Mission norms so prescribed by Government of India and revised accordingly shall be followed.
  • The assistance percentage available under this scheme ranges from 25%-100% depending upon the component. The subsidy amount ranges from Rs.0.05 lakhs to Rs. 15.00 lakhs.
  • However some of the components which are not covered under NHM or existing norms are not favorable, the new components are proposed with a subsidy of 50% to 75% assistance for promotion of green houses, shade net houses, fruit plants like strawberry, papaya and vegetables like potato, watermelon, coloured capsicum etc
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