Science

. A Blockchain is a digital, immutable, distributed ledger that chronologically records transactions in near real time. The prerequisite for each subsequent transaction to be added to the ledger is the respective consensus of the network participants (called nodes), thereby creating a continuous mechanism of control regarding manipulation, errors, and data quality.”  Simply put, Blockchain … Read more

. NATGRID plays following important roles in India’s security: National Intelligence Grid or NATGRID is an intelligence grid connecting the databases of 21 core security agencies to collect comprehensive patterns of intelligence. These databases include railway and air travel, income tax, bank account details, credit card transactions, etc. Despite prone to such terror attacks, we … Read more

National Cybersecurity Coordination Centre (NCCC) It is India’s cyberspace intelligence agency which will conduct security and electronic surveillance. It aims to screen communications metadata and work in close coordination with various law-enforcement agencies for intelligence gathering. The body, functioning under the IT ministry, would strengthen the country’s cybersecurity posture. Some have expressed concern that the … Read more

The process of protecting communication networks has many challenges; some of them are discussed below: External sourcing of equipment and technology Much of the software and hardware that makes up communication system are imported from other countries (Chinese devices account for more than 60% of total telecom equipment imports). These devices may contain back-window for … Read more

Home energy monitor is a small hand-held or table-top device with a screen that shows you how much electricity you’re using in your home – some models also allow you to receive the information on your mobile phone, tablet or laptop. Your energy monitor should show you how much energy you’re using, how much it … Read more

Digital India is an umbrella programme that covers multiple Government Ministries and Departments. It weaves together a large number of ideas and thoughts into a single, comprehensive vision so that each of them can be implemented as part of a larger goal. Each individual element stands on its own, but is also part of the … Read more

ATGM NAG has been developed by DRDO to engage highly fortified enemy tanks in day and night conditions. The missile has “Fire & Forget” “Top Attack” capabilities with passive homing guidance to defeat all MBTs equipped with composite and reactive armour. The NAG missile carrier NAMICA is a BMP II based system with amphibious capability. … Read more

On March 27, DRDO conducted Mission Shakti, an anti-satellite missile test, from Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Island launch complex. One of India’s existing satellites operating in lower orbit used in the mission. The test was successful on all parameters. India has made it clear that its space capabilities aren’t directed against anyone and the government … Read more

Gravitational Lensing is a natural phenomenon that magnifies light around galaxies.  The phenomenon occurs when a huge amount of matter, such as a massive galaxy or cluster of galaxies, creates a gravitational field that distorts and magnifies the light from objects behind it, but in the same line of sight. This makes dim, faraway objects … Read more

Steps of photosynthesis  Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the plant leaf through stomata, i.e., minute epidermal pores in the leaves and stem of plants which facilitate the transfer of various gases and water vapor.  Water enters the leaves, primarily through the roots. These roots are especially designed to draw the ground water … Read more