British Rule in Haryana
In 1805, the British partitioned this region into two sections because of authoritative and political reasons. A littler part called the Assigned Territories was kept specifically under the control of the Company. The bigger part was partitioned and given over to different nearby rulers who were dependable and faithful to the British.
The Assigned Territory comprised of the territories under Panipat, Sonepat, Samalkha, Ganaur, Palam, Palwal, Nuh, Nagina, Hathin, FerozpurJhirkha, Sohna and Rewari. This region was controlled by East India Company’s officer, called the Resident and he detailed specifically to the Governor General.
The other bigger part was partitioned into different royal states and gave over to steadfast nearby ruler and nawabs.
Nevertheless, these game plans went poorly well with the general population of Haryana who are by nature autonomous disapproved and don’t care for untouchables intruding in their issues.
In this way, they, particularly the Jats of Rohtak and Ahirs and Meos of Gurgaon, climbed again in rebellion against the rulers. Yet, by 1809, British had built up full control over the domain of Haryana.
The year 1833 was another critical point of interest in Haryana’s history. In this year, the Bengal Presidency under the East India Company was isolated into two territories of Bengal and North Western Province.
Most regions of Haryana and Delhi together ended up noticeably one of the six divisions of north western Province, called the Delhi division.
The Delhi division was further sub-separated into seven august states and five areas. The regal states were Bahadurgarh, Ballabhgarh, Dujana, Farukhnagar, Jhajjar, Loharu and Pataudi.
The five locale were Delhi, Gurgaon, Rohtak, Panipat and Hissar. These areas were separated into Tehsils and Tehsils were bifurcated into Zails.
The officer heading the Delhi division was known as a Commissioner rather than the Resident. As of now, a few territories of the present-day Haryana were outside the Delhi division and were thought to be a piece of the “upper locale”.
These were the regions of Ambala and Thanesar and the regal conditions of Buria, Chhachhrauli and Jind. Be that as it may, the general population of “upper locale” and Delhi division, however authoritatively in various areas, were firmly bound by socio-social ties. This authoritative framework proceeded till the Revolt of 1857.
The Mutiny of 1857
The Revolt of 1857 was started by the presentation of the Enfield rifle in the Indian Army. The cartridges of this new rifle were lubed with a fixing containing cow’s fat and hoard’s fat. This news spread like fierce blaze among the sepoys of the armed force. The two Hindus and the Muslims were stunned and offended at the utilization of bovine’s fat and hoard’s grease, individually.
They soon framed panchayats in all corps and chose to socially blacklist any sepoy who utilized these cartridges. This inclination kept on developing until the point that insurrection began and spread all through northern India and Bengal. The primary military station in northern India, where the uprising began, was Ambala; the day was 10 May, 1857.
Aside from the august conditions of Jind, Kalsia, Buria and some little Jagirs in Ambala and Thanesar, the whole Haryana area was extremely influenced by the revolt. An essential part of the uprising in Haryana was finished public co-operation and harmony.
By the start of June, 1857, entire of Haryana had turned out to be autonomous of the British run the show. It took very nearly a half year for the British to reclaim the control of Haryana. The predominant guns, ordnance and the assistance of some unwavering leaders of regal states ended up being convenient for the British.
The news of the flare-up of the uprising at Meerut and Delhi was welcomed with euphoria in each alcove and corner of the state. The locale of Gurgaon, Rohtak, Hissar, Panipat, Thanesar and Ambala went under the impact of the radicals in the blink of an eye. The general population, cutting crosswise over religious affiliations and having a place with all classes, approached in extensive numbers to put a conclusion to the abusive firangi raj for the last time. So solid was the famous outrage against remote decide in the district that not at all like their Punjab partners, all the nearby head of Haryana – the head of Jhajjar, Farrukhnagar, Bahadurgarh, Dujana, Ballabhgarh, and so on – chose to agree with the revolutionaries.
The general population of Haryana were fortunate to have discovered some better than average pioneers of stature and substance, for example, SadruddinMewati in Mewat, Rao Tula Ram in Rewari, Mohammad Azim in Hissar, Gen. AbdusSamad Khan in Jhajjar, NawabSamad Khan in Sirsa, RamoJat in Karnal, and Imam Qalandari in Panipat. The laborer, the specialist, poor people and the rich all battled fearlessly under these pioneers and kept their territory free until the fall of Delhi (September 20, 1857).
Subsequent to recovering Delhi, the British sent their most experienced administrators to bring Haryana “under their control”. Gen. Van Courtland, Brig.- Gen. Showers, Col. Gerrard, Capt. Drummund, and so forth propelled overwhelming assaults from all sides. The overcome Haryanavis battled frantically even in those exceptionally inauspicious days.
In the skirmishes of Narnaul, Ballah (Panipat) and Mewat, battled as late as November 1857, they demonstrated their actual backbone. Their annihilation was, for evident reasons, an inevitable product however it is truly a noteworthy thing that even the victors lauded their grit and dedication to the reason they were battling for.
The British let free a phenomenal reign of fear in Haryana. They murdered a huge number of individuals and wrecked property worth numerous crores of rupees. They consumed more than eighty towns — sixty in the Mewat district alone.
The agitators were savagely pulverized by them. At the same time, they torched many towns and enjoyed wanton killings. After the 1857 Revolt, the British expelled Haryana from the north western territory and combined it with. Punjab in February, 1858. The locale of Haryana was separated into two divisions that of Delhi and Hissar.
The Delhi division comprised of the locale of Delhi, Gurgaon and Panipat while the Hissar division comprised of the regions of Hissar, Sirsa and Rohtak. These areas were additionally isolated into tehsils, tehsils into zails and zails into towns. The Punjab government, in 1871, requested the setting up of locale boards of trustees or ZilaSamitis. The Punjab District Board Act (1883) gave more powers to these ZilaSamitis.
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